The Media System and Challenges of Journalistic Work Environment in Iraq (2011-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25130/jaa.16.56.14Keywords:
Journalistic Work, Media System, Journalistic Profession, Media Institutions, Media DiscourseAbstract
The media system in Iraq underwent fundamental changes after the change of the political system in 2003, and this is due to the change in the form of the political system and its view of journalistic work and freedom of the press. The Arab Spring revolutions that began in 2011 added other changes, represented by a tangible weakness in the state’s ability to impose security and order following the emergence of the Islamic State, known as ISIS, and the occupation of Mosul, Salah al-Din, Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, and other cities in Syria, represented by Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Deir. Perjury, and the emergence of new pressure forces represented by armed groups that have begun to contest the state’s authority and impose great pressure on journalistic work. In addition to the transformation of the journalist in Iraq into a politician and vice versa after the year 2011, without the journalist having knowledge of the rules of political work, or the politician having sufficient knowledge of the rules of the journalistic profession in an unstable media and political environment in terms of the factors influencing the communicators, and this system has not been able until the present time. To pave a clear path that gives it a professional identity .
The researcher divided this study into three sections, the first dealing with the methodological framework.
While the second section included the journalistic and media work environment in Iraq by addressing the journalistic-media system in Iraq and its relationship with the political system and the regulatory and legal environment for journalistic work, as well as the sources and mechanisms of financing media institutions in Iraq and the factors shaping the journalistic work environment, which included social, political and economic factors. And professional. While the third section dealt with the field study of the pressures faced by communicators in Iraq since the Arab Spring unrest in
2011 until 2023, by applying it to a sample of practicing members of the Iraqi Journalists Syndicate.
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